Continue from N5 with Minna no Nihongo Elementary II, covering JLPT N4 grammar and vocabulary.
Explain reasons with 〜んです, make polite requests with 〜ていただけませんか, and ask for advice with 〜たら いいですか.
Express ability with potential verbs, natural perception with 見えます/聞こえます, and limits with しか.
Describe simultaneous actions with V-ながら, habitual routines with 〜ています, list qualities or reasons with 〜し〜し, connect results with それで, and use particles after とき.
Describe resulting states with V-ています, express completion or regret with V-てしまいました, refer back with それ/その/そう, and report discovery with ありました.
Describe intentional placement with V-てあります, prepare in advance with V-ておきます, keep something ongoing with まだ, list examples with とか, and emphasize with particle + も.
Suggest casually with the volitional form, express ongoing plans with 〜と思っています and つもりです, state schedules with 予定です, and say something is not done yet with まだ〜ていません.
Give advice with 〜ほうがいいです, guess outcomes with 〜でしょう and 〜かもしれません, offer to act with 〜ましょう, and set limits with quantifier + で.
Use imperative and prohibitive forms, explain meanings with 〜という意味です, relay messages with 〜と言っていました and 〜と伝えていただけませんか.
Follow steps with 〜とおりに, sequence actions with 〜あとで, combine actions with V-て, and choose alternatives with V-ないで.
Express conditions with V-たら, ask how to do something with question word + V-たら, give topical information with N は N, and ask politely with ～ないか.
State purpose with V-dictionary ように, describe change with ようになりました, make gentle requests with ように, and give reasons with na-adj ～から.
Use passive for actions received, things done to you, events without a named agent, materials with から/で, and location relations with 中/外/上/下/前/後/右/左.
Turn actions into topics with の, ask whether someone knows with 知っていますか, state when with 時, and express contrast with ～のに.
Give reasons with から and ので, explain delays with 途中で, and describe emotions with ～て form adjectives.
Embed questions with か/かどうか, try actions with てみます, nominalize adjectives with ～さ, and wonder softly with ～かな.
Express giving and receiving with あげる/くれる/もらう and ～てあげる/もらう/くれる, including honorific ください and humble いただき.
State purpose with 〜ために, describe use or suitability with 〜のに, add nuance with quantifier は/も, and mark a passive agent with 〜によって.
Describe imminent change or appearance with 〜そうです, say you will go do something and return with V-te 来ます, and make polite requests with V-te くれませんか.
Say something is excessive with 〜すぎます, describe ease or difficulty with 〜やすい/にくい, change something with Nを Adj く/に します, and state a choice with Nに します.
Give instructions for a situation with 〜場合は and express contrast between expectation and result with 〜のに.
Say something is about to happen, in progress, or just finished with V ところです, that it just happened with V-た ばかり, and that something is expected with はずです.
Report what you heard with plain form + そうです, infer from evidence with 〜ようです, and describe senses with 〜がします.
Make or let someone act with V-させる, mark the causee with を or に, and ask permission with V-させて いただけませんか.
Honor actions of others with passive-form sonkeigo, おV-ます-stem になる, special honorific verbs, and お/ご 〜 ください plus お/ご prefixes.
Lower your own actions with お/ご 〜 します, special humble verbs, and kenjougo II forms such as 参る and 申す.