Speech & words

Tap an example word to hear it pronounced.

On'yomi (音読み) is the reading borrowed from Chinese, usually used in compound words, e.g. 三月 (さんがつ, March).

Kun'yomi (訓読み) is the native Japanese reading, used when the kanji stands alone or takes kana endings, e.g. 三つ (みっつ, three items).

By convention the readings list writes on'yomi in katakana (シュ) and kun'yomi in hiragana (さけ). Example words show furigana in hiragana, so the same on'yomi can look like シュ in the list but しゅ in a word.

Blue - the main radical the kanji is filed under in dictionaries.

Green - a component that hints at the meaning.

Orange - a component that hints at the reading (sound).

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Grey - another building block, with no clear meaning or sound role.

#1

Meaning

audience (with a superior)

Components

On'yomi

エツ

Example words
謁見えっけん

audience (with royalty)

拝謁はいえつ

having an audience (humble)

内謁ないえつ

private audience

#2

Meaning

respectfully, discreetly

Components

On'yomi

キン

Kun'yomi

つつし(む)

Example words
謹慎きんしん

self-restraint, penance

謹賀新年きんがしんねん

Happy New Year (formal)

謹むつつしむ

to be reverent, to refrain

#3

Meaning

humble, modest

Components

On'yomi

ケン

Example words
謙虚けんきょ

modesty, humility

謙遜けんそん

humbleness, modesty

謙譲けんじょう

humbling oneself, deference

#4

Meaning

deceive, cheat, fraud

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

いつわ(る)

Example words
詐欺さぎ

fraud, swindle

詐取さしゅ

defrauding, swindling

詐称さしょう

misrepresentation

#5

Meaning

sue, lawsuit

Components

On'yomi

ショウ

Example words
訴訟そしょう

lawsuit, litigation

争訟そうしょう

dispute, litigation

訴訟費用そしょうひよう

litigation costs

#6

Meaning

imperial edict

Components

On'yomi

ショウ

Kun'yomi

みことのり

Example words
詔書しょうしょ

imperial rescript

詔勅しょうちょく

imperial edict

詔命しょうめい

imperial command

#7

Meaning

examine (medically), diagnose

Components

On'yomi

シン

Kun'yomi

み(る)

Example words
診察しんさつ

medical examination

診断しんだん

diagnosis

打診だしん

percussion (medical); sounding out

#8

Meaning

swear, pledge, vow

Components

On'yomi

セイ

Kun'yomi

ちか(う)

Example words
誓約せいやく

oath, vow

宣誓せんせい

oath, pledge

誓うちかう

to swear, to vow

#9

Meaning

copy, transcribe

Components

On'yomi

トウ

Example words
謄本とうほん

certified copy

謄写とうしゃ

copying, transcription

戸籍謄本こせきとうほん

copy of family register

#10

Meaning

musical score; genealogy

Components

On'yomi

Example words
楽譜がくふ

musical score

系譜けいふ

genealogy, lineage

年譜ねんぷ

chronological record

Practice

Test yourself on this lesson's kanji.