Grade 5 kanji
Lesson 18

Time, state & variety

Tap an example word to hear it pronounced.

On'yomi (音読み) is the reading borrowed from Chinese, usually used in compound words, e.g. 三月 (さんがつ, March).

Kun'yomi (訓読み) is the native Japanese reading, used when the kanji stands alone or takes kana endings, e.g. 三つ (みっつ, three items).

By convention the readings list writes on'yomi in katakana (シュ) and kun'yomi in hiragana (さけ). Example words show furigana in hiragana, so the same on'yomi can look like シュ in the list but しゅ in a word.

Blue - the main radical the kanji is filed under in dictionaries.

Green - a component that hints at the meaning.

Orange - a component that hints at the reading (sound).

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Grey - another building block, with no clear meaning or sound role.

#1

Meaning

temporary, provisional

Components

On'yomi

カ | ケ

Kun'yomi

かり

Example words
仮定かてい

assumption

仮名かな

kana (syllabary)

仮にかりに

temporarily, supposing

#2

Meaning

long time

Components

On'yomi

キュウ | ク

Kun'yomi

ひさ(しい)

Example words
永久えいきゅう

permanence, eternity

持久じきゅう

endurance, persistence

久しぶりひさしぶり

after a long time

#3

Meaning

old, former

Components

On'yomi

キュウ

Example words
旧式きゅうしき

old style

新旧しんきゅう

new and old

復旧ふっきゅう

restoration

#4

Meaning

prohibit, forbid

Components

On'yomi

キン

Example words
禁止きんし

prohibition

禁物きんもつ

forbidden thing, taboo

解禁かいきん

lifting a ban

#5

Meaning

thick; kind

Components

On'yomi

コウ

Kun'yomi

あつ(い)

Example words
厚意こうい

kindness, courtesy

温厚おんこう

gentle, warm-hearted

厚いあつい

thick

#6

Meaning

miscellaneous, rough

Components

On'yomi

ザツ | ゾウ

Example words
複雑ふくざつ

complicated

雑誌ざっし

magazine

雑音ざつおん

noise

#7

Meaning

raise, keep (animals)

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

か(う)

Example words
飼育しいく

raising, breeding

飼料しりょう

animal feed

飼うかう

to keep (a pet)

#8

Meaning

chronicle; era; discipline

Components

On'yomi

Example words
世紀せいき

century

紀元きげん

era, epoch (of an era count)

風紀ふうき

discipline, public order

#9

Meaning

history, career; to pass through

Components

On'yomi

レキ

Example words
歴史れきし

history

学歴がくれき

academic background

歴代れきだい

successive generations

Practice

Test yourself on this lesson's kanji.