Grade 5 kanji
Lesson 11

Danger, disaster & limits

Tap an example word to hear it pronounced.

On'yomi (音読み) is the reading borrowed from Chinese, usually used in compound words, e.g. 三月 (さんがつ, March).

Kun'yomi (訓読み) is the native Japanese reading, used when the kanji stands alone or takes kana endings, e.g. 三つ (みっつ, three items).

By convention the readings list writes on'yomi in katakana (シュ) and kun'yomi in hiragana (さけ). Example words show furigana in hiragana, so the same on'yomi can look like シュ in the list but しゅ in a word.

Blue - the main radical the kanji is filed under in dictionaries.

Green - a component that hints at the meaning.

Orange - a component that hints at the reading (sound).

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Grey - another building block, with no clear meaning or sound role.

#1

Meaning

commit (a crime), violate

Components

On'yomi

ハン

Kun'yomi

おか(す)

Example words
犯罪はんざい

crime

犯人はんにん

criminal, culprit

犯すおかす

to commit, to violate

#2

Meaning

crime, sin, guilt

Components

On'yomi

ザイ

Kun'yomi

つみ

Example words
犯罪はんざい

crime

有罪ゆうざい

guilty

罪人ざいにん

a criminal, sinner

#3

Meaning

disaster, calamity

Components

On'yomi

サイ

Kun'yomi

わざわ(い)

Example words
災害さいがい

disaster, damage

火災かさい

fire (disaster)

天災てんさい

natural disaster

#4

Meaning

kill

Components

On'yomi

サツ | サイ

Kun'yomi

ころ(す)

Example words
殺人さつじん

murder

自殺じさつ

suicide

殺すころす

to kill

#5

Meaning

poison

Components

On'yomi

ドク

Example words
毒薬どくやく

poison (drug)

中毒ちゅうどく

poisoning, addiction

消毒しょうどく

disinfection

#6

Meaning

break, tear, destroy

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

やぶ(る) | やぶ(れる)

Example words
破壊はかい

destruction

突破とっぱ

breakthrough

破るやぶる

to tear, to break

#7

Meaning

steep, dangerous

Components

On'yomi

ケン

Kun'yomi

けわ(しい)

Example words
危険きけん

danger

保険ほけん

insurance

険しいけわしい

steep, harsh

#8

Meaning

pressure, press

Components

On'yomi

アツ

Example words
気圧きあつ

atmospheric pressure

圧力あつりょく

pressure, force

血圧けつあつ

blood pressure

#9

Meaning

rescue, save

Components

On'yomi

キュウ

Kun'yomi

すく(う)

Example words
救助きゅうじょ

rescue

救急きゅうきゅう

emergency (aid)

救うすくう

to rescue, to save

#10

Meaning

limit, restrict

Components

On'yomi

ゲン

Kun'yomi

かぎ(る)

Example words
制限せいげん

restriction, limit

限界げんかい

limit, boundary

限るかぎる

to limit, to restrict

Practice

Test yourself on this lesson's kanji.