Grade 5 kanji
Lesson 10

People, family & roles

Tap an example word to hear it pronounced.

On'yomi (音読み) is the reading borrowed from Chinese, usually used in compound words, e.g. 三月 (さんがつ, March).

Kun'yomi (訓読み) is the native Japanese reading, used when the kanji stands alone or takes kana endings, e.g. 三つ (みっつ, three items).

By convention the readings list writes on'yomi in katakana (シュ) and kun'yomi in hiragana (さけ). Example words show furigana in hiragana, so the same on'yomi can look like シュ in the list but しゅ in a word.

Blue - the main radical the kanji is filed under in dictionaries.

Green - a component that hints at the meaning.

Orange - a component that hints at the reading (sound).

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Grey - another building block, with no clear meaning or sound role.

#1

Meaning

wife

Components

On'yomi

サイ

Kun'yomi

つま

Example words
夫妻ふさい

husband and wife

妻子さいし

wife and children

人妻ひとづま

married woman

#2

Meaning

woman, wife

Components

On'yomi

Example words
婦人ふじん

lady, woman

主婦しゅふ

housewife

夫婦ふうふ

married couple

#3

Meaning

ancestor, founder

Components

On'yomi

Example words
祖父そふ

grandfather

祖母そぼ

grandmother

先祖せんぞ

ancestors

#4

Meaning

teacher, master

Components

On'yomi

Example words
教師きょうし

teacher (instructor)

医師いし

medical doctor

師匠ししょう

master (craftsman)

#5

Meaning

gentleman, scholar; expert

Components

On'yomi

Example words
武士ぶし

samurai, warrior

博士はかせ

doctor (PhD), expert

弁護士べんごし

lawyer

#6

Meaning

resemble, be similar

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

に(る)

Example words
類似るいじ

resemblance, similarity

似るにる

to resemble

似顔絵にがおえ

portrait, likeness

#7

Meaning

individual; counter for items

Components

On'yomi

Example words
個人こじん

individual

個性こせい

individuality

一個いっこ

one (item)

#8

Meaning

keep, protect, maintain

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

たも(つ)

Example words
保護ほご

protection

保険ほけん

insurance

保つたもつ

to keep, to maintain

#9

Meaning

occupation, post

Components

On'yomi

ショク

Example words
職業しょくぎょう

occupation, profession

就職しゅうしょく

finding employment

職員しょくいん

staff member

#10

Meaning

building, quarters

Components

On'yomi

シャ

Example words
校舎こうしゃ

school building

宿舎しゅくしゃ

dormitory

駅舎えきしゃ

station building

Practice

Test yourself on this lesson's kanji.