Society & concepts

Tap an example word to hear it pronounced.

On'yomi (音読み) is the reading borrowed from Chinese, usually used in compound words, e.g. 三月 (さんがつ, March).

Kun'yomi (訓読み) is the native Japanese reading, used when the kanji stands alone or takes kana endings, e.g. 三つ (みっつ, three items).

By convention the readings list writes on'yomi in katakana (シュ) and kun'yomi in hiragana (さけ). Example words show furigana in hiragana, so the same on'yomi can look like シュ in the list but しゅ in a word.

Blue - the main radical the kanji is filed under in dictionaries.

Green - a component that hints at the meaning.

Orange - a component that hints at the reading (sound).

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Grey - another building block, with no clear meaning or sound role.

#1

Meaning

pray, wish

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

いの(る)

Example words
祈願きがん

prayer, supplication

祈祷きとう

prayer

祈るいのる

to pray

#2

Meaning

play, frolic, joke

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

たわむ(れる)

Example words
遊戯ゆうぎ

play, game

戯曲ぎきょく

drama, play (script)

戯れるたわむれる

to frolic, to joke

#3

Meaning

echo, resound, affect

Components

On'yomi

キョウ

Kun'yomi

ひび(く)

Example words
影響えいきょう

influence, effect

音響おんきょう

sound, acoustics

響くひびく

to resound, to echo

#4

Meaning

sphere, range, zone

Components

On'yomi

ケン

Example words
圏内けんない

within range

大気圏たいきけん

the atmosphere

首都圏しゅとけん

metropolitan area

#5

Meaning

drum; beat, encourage

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

つづみ

Example words
鼓動こどう

heartbeat, pulsation

太鼓たいこ

drum (taiko)

鼓舞こぶ

encouragement, inspiration

#6

Meaning

mutual, reciprocal

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

たが(い)

Example words
相互そうご

mutual, reciprocal

交互こうご

alternate, reciprocal

お互いおたがい

each other

#7

Meaning

item, clause, term

Components

On'yomi

コウ

Kun'yomi

うなじ

Example words
項目こうもく

item, entry

事項じこう

matter, item

条項じょうこう

articles and clauses

#8

Meaning

age, years old; year

Components

On'yomi

サイ | セイ

Kun'yomi

とし

Example words
歳月さいげつ

time, years

万歳ばんざい

hurrah, banzai

お歳暮おせいぼ

year-end gift

#9

Meaning

slanting, diagonal

Components

On'yomi

シャ

Kun'yomi

なな(め)

Example words
傾斜けいしゃ

slope, incline

斜面しゃめん

slope, incline surface

斜めななめ

diagonal, slanting

#10

Meaning

explain, interpret

Components

On'yomi

シャク

Example words
解釈かいしゃく

interpretation

釈明しゃくめい

explanation, justification

会釈えしゃく

slight bow, nod

Practice

Test yourself on this lesson's kanji.