Grade 4 kanji
Lesson 10

People & relations

Tap an example word to hear it pronounced.

On'yomi (音読み) is the reading borrowed from Chinese, usually used in compound words, e.g. 三月 (さんがつ, March).

Kun'yomi (訓読み) is the native Japanese reading, used when the kanji stands alone or takes kana endings, e.g. 三つ (みっつ, three items).

By convention the readings list writes on'yomi in katakana (シュ) and kun'yomi in hiragana (さけ). Example words show furigana in hiragana, so the same on'yomi can look like シュ in the list but しゅ in a word.

Blue - the main radical the kanji is filed under in dictionaries.

Green - a component that hints at the meaning.

Orange - a component that hints at the reading (sound).

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Grey - another building block, with no clear meaning or sound role.

#1

Meaning

clan, surname; Mr.

Components

On'yomi

Kun'yomi

うじ

Example words
氏名しめい

full name

氏神うじがみ

local guardian deity

彼氏かれし

boyfriend

#2

Meaning

child, infant

Components

On'yomi

ジ | ニ

Example words
児童じどう

children, pupils

育児いくじ

childcare

小児科しょうにか

pediatrics

#3

Meaning

grandchild

Components

On'yomi

ソン

Kun'yomi

まご

Example words
子孫しそん

descendants

初孫はつまご

first grandchild

#4

Meaning

husband; man

Components

On'yomi

フ | フウ

Kun'yomi

おっと

Example words
夫婦ふうふ

married couple

夫婦ふうふ

married couple

工夫くふう

ingenuity, device

#5

Meaning

relationship; go-between

Components

On'yomi

チュウ

Kun'yomi

なか

Example words
仲間なかま

companion, comrade

仲直りなかなおり

reconciliation, making up

#6

Meaning

old, aged; to grow old

Components

On'yomi

ロウ

Kun'yomi

お(いる) | ふ(ける)

Example words
老人ろうじん

elderly person

老後ろうご

one's old age

老いるおいる

to grow old

#7

Meaning

follower, pupil; on foot

Components

On'yomi

Example words
生徒せいと

student, pupil

徒歩とほ

on foot, walking

信徒しんと

believer, follower

#8

Meaning

to borrow

Components

On'yomi

シャク

Kun'yomi

か(りる)

Example words
借りるかりる

to borrow

借金しゃっきん

debt, loan

借家しゃくや

rented house

#9

Meaning

trust, belief; message

Components

On'yomi

シン

Example words
信じるしんじる

to believe

自信じしん

self-confidence

通信つうしん

communication

#10

Meaning

together, joint, in common

Components

On'yomi

キョウ

Kun'yomi

とも

Example words
共にともに

together, both

共通きょうつう

common, shared

共同きょうどう

cooperation, joint

Practice

Test yourself on this lesson's kanji.